CPA Exam · 4 min read

CPA Exam Format & Structure (2026) — Sections, Question Types, Scoring

Rob Pfleghardt

10-year PwC alumnus · Founder of VoraPrep · Previously CPA-licensed

CPA Exam Format & Structure (2026) — Sections, Question Types, Scoring

Key Takeaways

  • - Exam Sections: 3 Core (FAR, AUD, REG) + 1 Discipline (BAR, ISC, TCP).
  • The 2026 CPA Exam marks a significant evolution, shifting from the traditional four equally weighted sections to a "Core + Discipline" model.
  • - Gleim vs Roger CPA (2026): Rigorous MCQs vs Story-Driven Lectures — Same-exam deep-dive from the VoraPrep library.

You think you know the CPA Exam's format? Many candidates walk into the testing center confident they understand the structure, only to be blindsided by the subtle traps: adaptive testlets that demand strategic pacing, the nuanced demands of Task-Based Simulations (TBS), or how pre-test questions can play with your mind. The biggest mistake isn't a lack of knowledge, it's a lack of situational awareness regarding the exam itself. Understanding the 2026 CPA Exam's format isn't just trivia; it's a critical component of your passing strategy.

Quick answer

The 2026 CPA Exam features a 3 Core + 1 Discipline structure, totaling 16 hours across four 4-hour sections. Each section comprises Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) and Task-Based Simulations (TBS), scored on a 0-99 scale with 75 as the passing threshold, incorporating adaptive testing for MCQs and requiring candidates to demonstrate higher-order cognitive skills.

The CPA exam has a <50% pass rate.

VoraPrep's AI finds your weak spots before the exam does — adaptive practice that actually moves your score.

Try Free →

Key facts

  • Passing Score: 75 on a 0-99 scale.
  • Exam Sections: 3 Core (FAR, AUD, REG) + 1 Discipline (BAR, ISC, TCP).
  • Total Test Time: 16 hours (4 hours per section).
  • Question Types: Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) and Task-Based Simulations (TBS).
  • Testing Windows: Continuous testing for Core sections; discipline sections may have specific windows or score release delays (confirm with NASBA for current year schedule).
  • Official Body: American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA).
  • Average Study Hours: 300-400 hours total for all four sections.
  • Pass Rate: Historically hovers around 49-55% across all sections.

The 2026 CPA Exam: Core + Discipline Model Explained

The 2026 CPA Exam marks a significant evolution, shifting from the traditional four equally weighted sections to a "Core + Discipline" model. This change, effective January 1, 2024, is designed to ensure newly licensed CPAs possess both a strong foundational understanding and deep, specialized knowledge in a chosen area, aligning with the profession's increasing complexity. Don't underestimate the strategic implications of this structure; it's not just new content, but a new way to approach your study plan and career path.

You'll take three "Core" sections: Financial Accounting and Reporting (FAR), Auditing and Attestation (AUD), and Regulation (REG). These sections cover the foundational knowledge all CPAs must possess, irrespective of their chosen specialization. These are mandatory. In addition to these core sections, you will choose one "Discipline" section from three options: Business Analysis and Reporting (BAR), Information Systems and Controls (ISC), or Tax Compliance and Planning (TCP). Your choice should align with your career interests and strengths, as this section will test advanced concepts in that specialized area.

Each of the four sections (three Core + one Discipline) is a 4-hour exam, bringing the total testing time to 16 hours. This might sound daunting, but it's broken down into manageable segments, with optional breaks strategically placed throughout.

Here's a breakdown of each section:

| Section Name | Type | Primary Focus Areas | | TCP | Discipline | Tax Compliance & Planning (e.g., individual, business, property, and trust taxation) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Frequently asked questions

How long is each CPA Exam section?

Each of the four CPA Exam sections (FAR, AUD, REG, and your chosen discipline BAR, ISC, or TCP) is four hours long. This totals 16 hours of testing time across the entire exam.

What question types will I see on the CPA Exam?

The CPA Exam primarily features two question types: Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) and Task-Based Simulations (TBSs). MCQs test your foundational knowledge, while TBSs require you to apply your understanding to realistic scenarios, often involving calculations, research, or document review.

How is the CPA Exam scored?

The CPA Exam is scored on a scale of 0-99, and you need a minimum score of 75 to pass each section. Your score is a scaled score, not a raw percentage, reflecting the difficulty of the questions you received and the performance of others on those same questions.

Can I choose the order in which I take the CPA Exam sections?

Yes, you have complete flexibility to choose the order in which you take the four CPA Exam sections. However, once you pass your first section, a rolling 30-month window begins, requiring you to pass the remaining three sections within that timeframe.

Official resources and references

✨ Free Interactive Tool

Check Your State’s Exact CPA Exam Requirements

Every state has different credit hour, ethics, and residency rules. Use our 55-jurisdiction checker to verify your eligibility before applying.

Check State Requirements →
RP

About the Author: Rob Pfleghardt

Rob Pfleghardt is the founder of VoraPrep, a comprehensive exam prep platform for the CPA, CMA, EA, CIA, CISA, and CFP exams. A Virginia Tech graduate in Accounting and Finance, Rob began his career at Price Waterhouse, spending a decade in audit and IT consulting. After holding an active CPA license for 37 years (1987–2024) and successfully scaling his own enterprise IT consultancy serving the Department of Defense, Rob launched VoraPrep. He now leverages his deep systems architecture background to build the adaptive training technology and curriculum that helps candidates pass their certification exams efficiently.

Connect with Rob on LinkedIn →
Free Diagnostic Assessment

Find your exact CPA weak spots in 10 minutes.

Most candidates fail because they study blindly. Take our free 10-question diagnostic to identify your weakest blueprint topics and receive a custom 12-week study plan PDF generated instantly.

Keep reading